Class 10 Science NCERT MCQs-Chapter 7-How do Organisms Reproduce?



 NCERT MCQs of Class 10 Science, Chapter 7 ( How do Organisms Reproduce?)

  1. 1) What is the main purpose of reproduction in organisms?
    a) To maintain essential life processes
    b) To produce new individuals for species continuity
    c) To utilize stored energy
    d) To adapt to changing environments
    Answer: b) To produce new individuals for species continuity
    Explanation: Reproduction ensures the survival of a species by producing new individuals, although it is not essential for an individual organism’s survival.

  • 2) What is the role of DNA copying in reproduction?
    a) To generate energy for reproduction
    b) To ensure identical body designs in offspring
    c) To produce food for the organism
    d) To eliminate variations in organisms
    Answer: b) To ensure identical body designs in offspring
    Explanation: DNA copying ensures that the blueprint of body design is passed to the next generation, maintaining similarity with parental organisms.

  • 3) Which process leads to subtle differences in DNA copies during reproduction?
    a) Mutation
    b) Natural selection
    c) Variations in copying mechanisms
    d) Asexual reproduction
    Answer: c) Variations in copying mechanisms
    Explanation: DNA copying is not 100% accurate, leading to slight variations, which contribute to evolution over generations.

  • 4) Why is variation beneficial to a species?
    a) It reduces competition among individuals
    b) It helps the species survive environmental changes
    c) It eliminates the need for reproduction
    d) It stops the spread of diseases
    Answer: b) It helps the species survive environmental changes
    Explanation: Variations increase the chances of some individuals surviving in changing environments, ensuring the species' survival.

  • 5) What is the mode of reproduction in unicellular organisms like Amoeba?
    a) Budding
    b) Binary fission
    c) Fragmentation
    d) Spore formation
    Answer: b) Binary fission
    Explanation: Amoeba reproduces by binary fission, where the cell divides into two equal halves.

  • 6) Which organism reproduces by multiple fission?
    a) Hydra
    b) Amoeba
    c) Plasmodium
    d) Yeast
    Answer: c) Plasmodium
    Explanation: Plasmodium undergoes multiple fission, dividing into many daughter cells simultaneously.

  • 7) What is a characteristic feature of reproduction in Hydra?
    a) Binary fission
    b) Budding
    c) Spore formation
    d) Fragmentation
    Answer: b) Budding
    Explanation: Hydra reproduces by budding, where an outgrowth develops into a new individual and detaches from the parent.

  • 8) Which of the following is an example of vegetative propagation?
    a) Budding in Hydra
    b) Formation of spores in Rhizopus
    c) Growing new plants from Bryophyllum leaves
    d) Binary fission in Leishmania
    Answer: c) Growing new plants from Bryophyllum leaves
    Explanation: In Bryophyllum, buds in the notches of leaves grow into new plants, an example of vegetative propagation.

  • 9) What is the significance of spore formation in Rhizopus?
    a) It reduces genetic variation
    b) It helps the organism survive harsh conditions
    c) It prevents reproduction
    d) It allows sexual reproduction
    Answer: b) It helps the organism survive harsh conditions
    Explanation: Spores are covered with thick walls, enabling them to survive unfavorable conditions until they germinate.

  • 10) Which mode of reproduction involves regeneration?
    a) Binary fission
    b) Spore formation
    c) Development of new organisms from body parts
    d) Vegetative propagation
    Answer: c) Development of new organisms from body parts
    Explanation: Regeneration occurs in organisms like Planaria, where body parts can grow into complete individuals.

  • 11) Why is reproduction in multi-cellular organisms more complex than in unicellular organisms?
    a) They cannot divide cell-by-cell
    b) They do not require energy for reproduction
    c) Their body structures are not organized
    d) They do not require DNA copying
    Answer: a) They cannot divide cell-by-cell
    Explanation: Multi-cellular organisms have specialized tissues and organs, making reproduction a more organized process.

  • 12) What is tissue culture used for?
    a) Cloning animals
    b) Growing plants from tissues under sterile conditions
    c) Eliminating variations in offspring
    d) Reproducing animals in laboratories
    Answer: b) Growing plants from tissues under sterile conditions
    Explanation: Tissue culture involves growing plants from small tissues in artificial conditions to produce disease-free plants.

  • 13) Which part of a flower produces pollen grains?
    a) Ovary
    b) Petal
    c) Stamen
    d) Sepal
    Answer: c) Stamen
    Explanation: The stamen is the male reproductive part of a flower and produces pollen grains.

  • 14) What is pollination?
    a) Fertilization of the egg cell
    b) Transfer of pollen grains to the stigma
    c) Growth of a pollen tube
    d) Development of fruit
    Answer: b) Transfer of pollen grains to the stigma
    Explanation: Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower.

  • 15) What type of reproduction occurs when pollen from the same flower fertilizes the ovule?
    a) Cross-pollination
    b) Artificial pollination
    c) Self-pollination
    d) Asexual reproduction
    Answer: c) Self-pollination
    Explanation: Self-pollination occurs when pollen from the same flower lands on its stigma.

  • 16) What is the role of the ovary in a flower?
    a) Producing pollen grains
    b) Supporting the anther
    c) Protecting the petals
    d) Containing ovules for fertilization
    Answer: d) Containing ovules for fertilization
    Explanation: The ovary is the swollen part of the pistil and contains ovules, which house the female gametes.

  • 17) Which method of reproduction is most common in humans?
    a) Asexual reproduction
    b) Binary fission
    c) Sexual reproduction
    d) Vegetative propagation
    Answer: c) Sexual reproduction
    Explanation: Humans reproduce sexually, involving the fusion of male and female gametes.

  • 18) What are germ-cells?
    a) Specialized cells for reproduction
    b) Cells responsible for digestion
    c) Cells that form the nervous system
    d) Cells involved in excretion
    Answer: a) Specialized cells for reproduction
    Explanation: Germ-cells (sperms and eggs) are involved in sexual reproduction and carry half the genetic material.

  • 19) What is puberty?
    a) A process of asexual reproduction
    b) A stage of body enlargement
    c) The period when reproductive tissues mature
    d) The decline in growth rate
    Answer: c) The period when reproductive tissues mature
    Explanation: Puberty marks the onset of reproductive maturity, accompanied by physical and hormonal changes.

  • 20) Which structure in humans provides nutrition to the growing embryo?
    a) Fallopian tube
    b) Uterus
    c) Placenta
    d) Ovary
    Answer: c) Placenta
    Explanation: The placenta transfers oxygen and nutrients from the mother’s blood to the embryo and removes waste.

21) Which mode of reproduction produces genetically identical offspring?
a) Sexual reproduction
b) Asexual reproduction
c) Cross-pollination
d) Pollination
Answer: b) Asexual reproduction
Explanation: Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent as there is no involvement of gametes.

  • 22) What is the name of the male gamete in humans?
    a) Ovum
    b) Sperm
    c) Zygote
    d) Embryo
    Answer: b) Sperm
    Explanation: The male gamete in humans is called a sperm, which fertilizes the female gamete (ovum).

  • 23) What is the female reproductive organ in a flower called?
    a) Stamen
    b) Sepal
    c) Pistil
    d) Petal
    Answer: c) Pistil
    Explanation: The pistil is the female reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of the ovary, style, and stigma.

  • 24) What is the process of fusion of male and female gametes called?
    a) Pollination
    b) Germination
    c) Fertilization
    d) Regeneration
    Answer: c) Fertilization
    Explanation: Fertilization is the process in which male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote.

  • 25) What is the function of the fallopian tubes in human females?
    a) Producing eggs
    b) Transporting eggs from the ovary to the uterus
    c) Nourishing the embryo
    d) Preventing fertilization
    Answer: b) Transporting eggs from the ovary to the uterus
    Explanation: The fallopian tubes carry the egg from the ovary to the uterus, and fertilization typically occurs here.

  • 26) Which type of reproduction is more beneficial for the survival of species in changing environments?
    a) Asexual reproduction
    b) Sexual reproduction
    c) Regeneration
    d) Spore formation
    Answer: b) Sexual reproduction
    Explanation: Sexual reproduction creates genetic variation, which helps species adapt to changing environments.

  • 27) What is the term for the immature stage of a plant in a seed?
    a) Ovary
    b) Embryo
    c) Zygote
    d) Pollen
    Answer: b) Embryo
    Explanation: The embryo is the developing stage of a plant inside a seed, formed after fertilization.

  • 28) What happens to the ovary after fertilization in flowering plants?
    a) It forms a seed
    b) It forms a fruit
    c) It disintegrates
    d) It becomes the stigma
    Answer: b) It forms a fruit
    Explanation: After fertilization, the ovary develops into a fruit, while the ovules inside it become seeds.

  • 29) What is self-pollination?
    a) Transfer of pollen from one plant to another
    b) Fusion of male and female gametes within the same flower
    c) Transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same flower
    d) Formation of seeds without fertilization
    Answer: c) Transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same flower
    Explanation: Self-pollination occurs when pollen from a flower’s anther lands on its own stigma.

  • 30) What is the male reproductive organ in humans called?
    a) Ovary
    b) Uterus
    c) Penis
    d) Cervix
    Answer: c) Penis
    Explanation: The penis is the male reproductive organ responsible for transferring sperms to the female reproductive system.

  • 31) Which process leads to the formation of seeds in plants?
    a) Pollination
    b) Fertilization
    c) Germination
    d) Vegetative propagation
    Answer: b) Fertilization
    Explanation: Fertilization results in the formation of seeds when male and female gametes fuse.

  • 32) What is menstruation?
    a) Fusion of gametes in females
    b) Shedding of the uterus lining and blood through the vagina
    c) Implantation of the zygote in the uterus
    d) Release of an egg from the ovary
    Answer: b) Shedding of the uterus lining and blood through the vagina
    Explanation: Menstruation is the periodic shedding of the uterus lining when the egg is not fertilized.

  • 33) Which structure nourishes the embryo in the mother’s body?
    a) Fallopian tube
    b) Uterus lining
    c) Placenta
    d) Ovary
    Answer: c) Placenta
    Explanation: The placenta provides oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the growing embryo and removes waste products.

  • 34) What is the function of the testes in humans?
    a) Producing eggs
    b) Producing sperms and testosterone
    c) Nourishing the embryo
    d) Controlling menstruation
    Answer: b) Producing sperms and testosterone
    Explanation: The testes are responsible for producing sperms and the male hormone testosterone.

  • 35) Which contraceptive method blocks the fallopian tubes?
    a) Condom
    b) Oral pills
    c) Tubectomy
    d) Copper-T
    Answer: c) Tubectomy
    Explanation: Tubectomy involves surgically blocking the fallopian tubes to prevent eggs from reaching the uterus.

  • 36) What is the significance of seed formation in plants?
    a) It helps plants grow faster
    b) It ensures reproduction and survival of the species
    c) It eliminates genetic variations
    d) It prevents self-pollination
    Answer: b) It ensures reproduction and survival of the species
    Explanation: Seeds protect the embryo and help plants reproduce, ensuring species continuity.

  • 37) Which hormone regulates sperm production in males?
    a) Estrogen
    b) Progesterone
    c) Testosterone
    d) Oxytocin
    Answer: c) Testosterone
    Explanation: Testosterone, produced by the testes, regulates sperm production and secondary sexual characteristics in males.

  • 38) What is the function of the stigma in a flower?
    a) Producing ovules
    b) Producing pollen grains
    c) Receiving pollen grains during pollination
    d) Supporting the petals
    Answer: c) Receiving pollen grains during pollination
    Explanation: The stigma is the sticky part of the pistil that traps pollen grains for fertilization.

  • 39) What type of pollination occurs between flowers of two different plants?
    a) Self-pollination
    b) Cross-pollination
    c) Asexual pollination
    d) Vegetative propagation
    Answer: b) Cross-pollination
    Explanation: Cross-pollination involves the transfer of pollen from one plant’s flower to another plant’s flower.

  • 40) Which method prevents sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?
    a) Copper-T
    b) Tubectomy
    c) Condom
    d) Oral contraceptives
    Answer: c) Condom
    Explanation: Condoms act as a barrier, preventing the transmission of STDs during sexual intercourse.

41) Which process is responsible for the formation of fruit in flowering plants?
a) Pollination
b) Fertilization
c) Germination
d) Budding
Answer: b) Fertilization
Explanation: Fertilization leads to the development of the ovary into a fruit, while the ovules become seeds.

  • 42) Which organism reproduces by budding?
    a) Amoeba
    b) Hydra
    c) Plasmodium
    d) Rhizopus
    Answer: b) Hydra
    Explanation: Hydra reproduces by budding, where a new organism develops as an outgrowth from the parent.

  • 43) Which contraceptive device is inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy?
    a) Condom
    b) Copper-T
    c) Tubectomy
    d) Oral pills
    Answer: b) Copper-T
    Explanation: Copper-T is an intrauterine device (IUD) that prevents fertilization or implantation of the egg.

  • 44) What is the advantage of vegetative propagation?
    a) It prevents diseases in plants
    b) It generates new plants faster
    c) It eliminates variations in plants
    d) It reduces genetic diversity
    Answer: b) It generates new plants faster
    Explanation: Vegetative propagation allows rapid production of plants and is especially useful for plants that do not produce seeds.

  • 45) What is the primary function of the placenta during pregnancy?
    a) It stores nutrients for the mother
    b) It removes waste from the mother's body
    c) It provides oxygen and nutrients to the embryo
    d) It triggers uterine contractions
    Answer: c) It provides oxygen and nutrients to the embryo
    Explanation: The placenta facilitates the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the mother and the embryo.

  • 46) Which type of reproduction involves the transfer of genetic material from two parents?
    a) Asexual reproduction
    b) Vegetative propagation
    c) Sexual reproduction
    d) Regeneration
    Answer: c) Sexual reproduction
    Explanation: Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes, leading to genetic variation.

  • 47) What happens to the uterine lining if fertilization does not occur?
    a) It becomes thicker
    b) It is reabsorbed by the uterus
    c) It breaks down and is shed as menstruation
    d) It develops into an embryo
    Answer: c) It breaks down and is shed as menstruation
    Explanation: In the absence of fertilization, the thickened uterine lining is shed during menstruation.

  • 48) Which structure in the male reproductive system stores and transports sperms?
    a) Scrotum
    b) Vas deferens
    c) Prostate gland
    d) Urethra
    Answer: b) Vas deferens
    Explanation: The vas deferens stores and transports sperms from the testes to the urethra.

  • 49) Which of the following is a unisexual flower?
    a) Hibiscus
    b) Papaya
    c) Mustard
    d) Rose
    Answer: b) Papaya
    Explanation: Papaya is a unisexual flower, containing either stamens (male) or pistils (female), but not both.

  • 50) What is germination?
    a) Formation of fruit from the ovary
    b) Sprouting of a seed into a seedling
    c) Fusion of male and female gametes
    d) Growth of pollen tube to the ovary
    Answer: b) Sprouting of a seed into a seedling
    Explanation: Germination is the process by which a seed develops into a seedling under favorable conditions.

  • 51) What is the role of seminal vesicles and prostate glands in the male reproductive system?
    a) Producing sperms
    b) Providing fluid for sperm transport and nutrition
    c) Filtering waste products
    d) Controlling hormonal balance
    Answer: b) Providing fluid for sperm transport and nutrition
    Explanation: These glands secrete a fluid that facilitates sperm transport and provides nutrients to sperms.

  • 52) Which organism reproduces by fragmentation?
    a) Amoeba
    b) Spirogyra
    c) Plasmodium
    d) Yeast
    Answer: b) Spirogyra
    Explanation: Spirogyra reproduces by fragmentation, where each fragment grows into a new individual.

  • 53) Why is DNA copying important in reproduction?
    a) To allow respiration
    b) To ensure energy production
    c) To pass genetic information to the next generation
    d) To eliminate variations
    Answer: c) To pass genetic information to the next generation
    Explanation: DNA copying ensures the transfer of genetic traits from parents to offspring.

  • 54) Which hormone triggers secondary sexual characteristics in males?
    a) Estrogen
    b) Progesterone
    c) Testosterone
    d) Oxytocin
    Answer: c) Testosterone
    Explanation: Testosterone is responsible for secondary sexual characteristics like facial hair and voice changes in males.

  • 55) Which part of the flower becomes the seed after fertilization?
    a) Ovule
    b) Stigma
    c) Anther
    d) Sepal
    Answer: a) Ovule
    Explanation: The ovule contains the egg cell, which becomes the seed after fertilization.

  • 56) Which type of pollination involves the help of wind?
    a) Self-pollination
    b) Artificial pollination
    c) Cross-pollination
    d) Wind pollination
    Answer: d) Wind pollination
    Explanation: Wind pollination occurs when pollen grains are carried by the wind from one flower to another.

  • 57) What is the function of oral contraceptive pills?
    a) Block the fallopian tubes
    b) Prevent sperm from entering the uterus
    c) Change hormonal balance to prevent ovulation
    d) Kill sperms in the uterus
    Answer: c) Change hormonal balance to prevent ovulation
    Explanation: Oral contraceptive pills alter hormonal levels to prevent the release of eggs.

  • 58) What is the primary function of the uterus?
    a) Producing eggs
    b) Storing sperms
    c) Nourishing and housing the embryo
    d) Facilitating ovulation
    Answer: c) Nourishing and housing the embryo
    Explanation: The uterus provides a protective and nutrient-rich environment for the developing embryo.

  • 59) What is a zygote?
    a) An unfertilized egg cell
    b) A fertilized egg cell
    c) A developing seed
    d) A male gamete
    Answer: b) A fertilized egg cell
    Explanation: A zygote is formed when male and female gametes fuse during fertilization.

  • 60) Which organism reproduces by spore formation?
    a) Hydra
    b) Rhizopus
    c) Amoeba
    d) Planaria
    Answer: b) Rhizopus
    Explanation: Rhizopus reproduces by forming spores inside sporangia, which can grow into new individuals under favorable conditions.



MCQs from the Exercise part of the Chapter



Asexual reproduction takes place through budding in:
a) Amoeba
b) Yeast
c) Plasmodium
d) Leishmania

  1. Answer: b) Yeast
    Explanation: Yeast reproduces asexually by budding, where a small bud develops on the parent cell, grows, and eventually detaches to form a new individual.

Which of the following is NOT a part of the female reproductive system in human beings?
a) Ovary
b) Uterus
c) Vas deferens
d) Fallopian tube

  1. Answer: c) Vas deferens
    Explanation: The vas deferens is part of the male reproductive system, responsible for transporting sperms. The female reproductive system includes the ovary, uterus, and fallopian tube.

The anther contains:
a) Sepals
b) Ovules
c) Pistil
d) Pollen grains

  1. Answer: d) Pollen grains
    Explanation: The anther is part of the stamen (male reproductive organ of a flower) and contains pollen grains that house the male gametes.

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